Новий сорт промислових конопель ‘Артеміда’ універсального напряму господарського використання з підвищеним умістом олії та поліпшеною якістю волокна

S. V. Mishchenko; H. I. Kyrychenko; I. M. Laiko

doi:10.21498/2518-1017.17.1.2021.228208

Authors

S. V. Mishchenko Institute of Bast Crops, NAAS of Ukraine, Ukraine https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1979-4002
H. I. Kyrychenko Institute of Bast Crops, NAAS of Ukraine, Ukraine https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3609-3141
I. M. Laiko Institute of Bast Crops, NAAS of Ukraine, Ukraine https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1514-574X

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21498/2518-1017.17.1.2021.228208

Keywords:

Cannabis sativa L., breeding, hybridization, selection, productivity

Abstract

Purpose. Creation of industrial hemp variety of multiple purposes with the absence of cannabinoid compounds, high oil content in seeds and fiber quality.

Methods. Breeding (self-pollination, varietal-linear hybridization in the conditions of a vegetation house, selection), field, laboratory, instrumental-technological assessment of fiber quality, mathematical statistics.

Results. The ‘Artemida’ variety was created as a result of hybridization of the ‘Hlesiia’ variety with the self-pollinated line of the sixth generation of the ‘Zolotoniski 15’ variety and selection for stabilization of high productivity traits and improvement of quality trait of hemp production. The variety belongs to the medium-ripe group; the growing season is 94 days before the phase of technological maturity and 118 days before the phase of biological maturity. When grown for fiber, the variety had a higher fiber yield (2.56 t/ha), the yield of all fiber (30.4% and including long fiber 27.6%). When grown for fiber and seeds, the plant is significantly inferior in height, which is positive for harvesting seeds with a combine harvester, has a significantly higher seed yield (1.29 t/ha), oil content (36.8%) and fiber yield (2.01 t/ha) in comparison with the standard of the variety ‘Hliana’. The analysis of the correspondence between the empirical and theoretical distribution of such a trait as the oil content in the seeds of elite plants of the ‘Artemida’ variety indicates its high stability. A notable feature of the variety is the formation of friendly seedlings and intensive plant growth at the beginning of the growing season, which helps to reduce the weediness of crops.

Conclusions. The new variety of hemp ‘Artemida’ of multiple purposes belongs to the Central European ecological and geographical type, although created as a result of varietal-linear hybridization of different types with selection on the basis of productivity, is characterized by complete absence of cannabinoid compounds, high oil content and fiber quality. The variety is recommended for growing for fiber and seeds. Due to its high yield potential, it is competitive in the industrial hemp market.

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