Біоморфологічна характеристика селекційних зразків представників роду Miscanthus,  отриманих в умовах in vitro

С. О. Лашук

doi:10.21498/2518-1017.15.2.2019.173566

Authors

С. О. Лашук Ukrainian Institute for Plant Variety Examination, Ukraine https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9588-7761

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21498/2518-1017.15.2.2019.173566

Keywords:

miscanthus, morphological indices, rhizomes, phenophase, bioenergetics

Abstract

Purpose. Estimate phenological and morphological characteristics of Miscanthus giganteus J. M. Greef & Deuter ex Hodkinson & Renvoize, M. sacchariflorus (Maxim) Benth. and M. sinensis Anderss., obtained in vitro, and M. giganteus, propagated by rhizomimes (ex vitro) to attract them to the breeding process and create new forms of miscanthus for use in bioenergy.

Methods. Seeds of M. sinensis, as well as M. sacchariflorus (2n), M. sacchariflorus (4n), introduced into culture and propagated in vitro according to commonly used methods (M. D. Melnychuk, A. Plazek et al.) were used in the studies. Phenological observations were carried out according to the methods of V. V. Zinchenko, M. V. Roik, D. B. Rakhmetov, and others. Statistical processing of the obtained data was carried out according to M. A. Shelamov and others.

Results. M. sacchariflorus (2n) in the conditions of the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine does not enter into the flowering phase, whereas in M. sacchariflorus (4n) the flowering phase begins a month earlier than M. sinensis, which is an obstacle for transpollination of these species in the natural environment. M. giganteus, reproduced by rhizomes, in overwhelming majority of indicators (stem height and diameter, number of interstices and leaves, leaf area, length and width of cluster) dominate all species of mescanthus obtained in vitro. But the number of stems in the bush of M. sinensis is the highest (63 pcs.) and is almost 2–4 times higher than those of M. giganteus, obtained from risomes and in vitro. It has been revealed that the most promising forms for bioenergy use are M. sinensis, whose productivity is about 7 kg/m² of green mass and M. giganteus, propagated by rhizomimes (ex vitro), where the mass of the aerial part is almost 9 kg/m². But M. sacchariflorus (2n) and M. sacchariflorus (4n) should not be considered as promising species for use in bioenergy purposes, because their performance is very low compared to other species and is only 0.25 and 2.05 kg above ground mass from 1 m².

Conclusions. On the basis of the obtained data, the most promising forms of Miscanthus were established to attract them into the breeding process and to obtain new varieties with high biomass productivity for the needs of bioenergy.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biography

С. О. Лашук, Ukrainian Institute for Plant Variety Examination

Lashuk, S. O.

References

Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine. (2014). About the National Renewable Energy Action Plan for the period until 2020. Order of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine dated October 1, 2014 No. 902-p. Retrieved from https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/902-2014-%D1%80/paran10#n10 [in Ukrainian]

Beale, С. V., & Long, S. P. (1995). Can perennial C4 grasses attain high efficiencies of radiant energy conversion in cool climates? Plant Cell Environ., 18(6), 641–650. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3040.1995.tb00565.x

Lewandowski, I., Clifton-Brown, J., Scurlock, J., & Willem, H. (2000). Miscanthus: European experience with a novel energy crop. Biomass Bioenerg., 19(4), 209–227. doi: 10.1016/S0961-9534(00)00032-5

Boichuk, Yu. D., Soloshenko, E. M., & Buhai, O. V. (2003). Value of Abiotic Environmental Factors in the Life of Organisms. In Ekolohiia i okhorona navkolyshnoho seredovyshcha [Ecology and Environment Protection]. Sumy: VTD “Universytetska knyha”. [in Ukrainian]

Shumny, V. K., Veprev, S. G., Nechiporenko, N. N., Goryachkovskaya, T. N., Slynko, N. M., Kolchanov, N. A., & Peltek, S. E. (2010). A new variety of chinese silver grass (Miscanthus sinensis Anders.) is a promising source of cellulosic material. Vestnik VOGiS [VOGiS Herald], 14(1), 122–126. [in Russian]

Clifton-Brown, J. C., & Lewandowski, I. (2000). Water use efficiency and biomass partitioning of three different Miscanthus genotypes with limited and unlimited water supply. Ann Bot., 86(1), 191–200. doi: 10.1006/anbo.2000.1183

Denisova, M. N., Ogienko, A. G., & Budaeva, V. V. (2012). Investigations of the structures of the Miscanthus, the hydrotropic pulp and the nitrates obtained from it. Khimija Rastitel’nogo Syr’ja [Chemistry of Plant Raw Material], 4, 19–27. [in Russian]

Li, D. (2015). Investigation of Miscanthus associated microbiome: effects of biotic and abiotic factors (Ph.D. Diss.). Graduate College of the University of Illinois, Urbana. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2142/88261

Tejera, M. D., & Heaton, E. A. (2017). Description and Codification of Miscanthus × giganteus Growth Stages for Phenological Assessment. Front Plant Sci., 8, 1726. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01726

Melnychuk, M. D., Novak, T. V., & Kunakh, V. A. (2003). Biotekhnolohiia roslyn [Plant Biotechnology]. V. D. Melnychuk (Ed.). Kyiv: Vyshcha osvita. [in Ukrainian]

Melnychuk, M. D., Novak, T. V., & Levenko, B. O. (2000). Osnovy biotekhnolohii roslyn [Fundamentals of Plant Biotechnology]. Kyiv: N.p. [in Ukrainian]

Płażek, A., & Dubert, F. (2010). Improvement of medium for Miscanthus giganteus callus induction and plant regeneration. Acta Biol. Cracov. Ser. Bot., 52(1), 105–110. doi: 10.2478/v10182-010-0013-9

Hontarenko, S. M., & Lashuk, S. O. (2017). Obtaining plant Miscanthus sacchariflorus (Maxim.) Hack and Miscanthus sinensis Andersson in vitro culture by indirect morphogenesis. Plant Var. Stud. Prot., 13(1), 12–20. doi: 10.21498/2518-1017.13.1.2017.97219 [in Ukrainian]

Kushnir, H. P., & Sarnatska, V. V. (2005). Mikroklonalne rozmnozhennia roslyn [Microclone propagation of plants]. Kyiv: Naukova dumka. [in Ukrainian]

Hontarenko, S. M., & Lashuk, S. O. (2017). Method of propagation, stimulation of rhizomes growth in vitro culture and adaptation in the open ground for the genus Miscanthus representatives. Plant Var. Stud. Prot., 13(3), 230–238. doi: 10.21498/2518-1017.13.3.2017.110703 [in Ukrainian]

Zinchenko, V. O., Roik, M. V., Rakhmetov, D. B., Hontarenko, S. M., Shcherbakova, T. O., Kurylo, V. L., … Lashuk, S. O. (2016). Metodyka provedennia ekspertyzy sortiv miskantusu hihantskoho (Miscanthus × giganteus J.M.Greef & Deuter ex Hodkinson & Renvoize) na vidminnist, odnoridnist ta stabilnist [The methodology for examining the giant Miscanthus varieties (Miscanthus × giganteus J.M.Greef & Deuter ex Hodkinson & Renvoize) for distinctness, uniformity, and stability] (pp. 501–514). Vinnytsia: Nilan-LTD. [in Ukrainian]

Roik, M. V., Rakhmetov, D. B., Hontarenko, C. M., Shcherbakova, T. O., Kurylo, V. L., Humentyk, M. Ya., … Lashuk, S. O. (2016). Metodyka provedennia ekspertyzy sortiv miskantusu kytaiskoho (Miscanthus sinensis Anderss.) na vidminnist, odnoridnist ta stabilnist [The method of examination of Miscanthus sinensis Anderss. varieties for distinctness, uniformity, and stability] (pp. 514–529). Vinnytsia: Nilan-LTD. [in Ukrainian]

Roik, M. V., Rakhmetov, D. B., Hontarenko, C. M., Shcherbakova, T. O., Kurylo, V. L., Humentyk, M. Ya., … Lashuk, S. O. (2016). Metodyka provedennia ekspertyzy sortiv miskantusu tsukrokvitkovoho (Miscanthus sacchariflorus (Maxim) Benth.) na vidminnist, odnoridnist ta stabilnist [The method of examination of varieties of Miscanthus sacchariflorus (Maxim) Benth.) for distinctness, uniformity, and stability] (pp. 529–543). Vinnytsia: Nilan-LTD. [in Ukrainian]

Shelamova, M. A., Insarova, N. I., & Leshchenko, V. G. (2010). Statisticheskiy analiz mediko-biologicheskikh dannykh s ispol’zovaniem programmy Excel [Statistical analysis of biomedical data using Excel]. Minsk: N.p. [in Russian]