Скринінг колекційних зразків Cannabis sativa L.  за особливостями прояву мінорних канабіноїдів

S. V. Mishchenko; H. I. Kyrychenko; I. М.  Laiko

doi:10.21498/2518-1017.17.3.2021.242949

Authors

S. V. Mishchenko Institute of Bast Crops, NAAS of Ukraine, Ukraine https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1979-4002
H. I. Kyrychenko Institute of Bast Crops, NAAS of Ukraine, Ukraine https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3609-3141
I. М. Laiko Institute of Bast Crops, NAAS of Ukraine, Ukraine https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1514-574X

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21498/2518-1017.17.3.2021.242949

Keywords:

hemp, genetic resources, sample, biosynthesis, cannabichromene, cannabidivarin, cannabinol, correlation, gene

Abstract

Analysis of hemp collection samples based on the content of minor (rare) non-psychotropic cannabinoids, such as cannabichromene (CBC), cannabidivarin (CBDV), and cannabinol (CBN); determination of correlation relationships between them and common compounds; selection of valuable breeding genotypes.

Methods. Field, biochemical (gas chromatography of cannabinoid compounds), and statistical (pair, partial, and multiple linear correlations).

Results. Quantitative analysis of 210 samples of various ecological-geographical and genetic origin (local and wild forms, self-filing lines, hybrids, varieties, synthetic populations, polyploids) with a tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) content of less than 0.08% in dried plants showed the level of manifestation of the trait from its absence within the sensitivity of the gas chromatograph up to 0.6838% CBC, 0.1719% CBC and 0.3274% CBN. In the studied hemp samples, a medium negative relationship was found between the signs of the CBC and cannabidiol (CBD) contents (r = –0.53), a weak negative relationship between CBC and CBDV contents (r = –0.35), medium positive relationships between the signs of CBC and THC contents (r = 0.57) and CBC and CBN contents (r = 0.59). A medium positive correlation (r = 0.57) was found between the signs of CBDV and CBD contents, while CBN had a strong positive relationship with THC (r = 0.82). There is almost no correlation between cannabigerol (CBG) and the minor cannabinoids under study. The biosynthesis of minor cannabinoid compounds is quite complex. Signs manifestation is affected by many genetic and external factors. Partial correlation coefficients (given that one of the three signs is eliminated) and multiple correlation coefficients (given that the relationship of one sign is determined and two other signs are combined) give grounds to state that the gene for CBCA-synthase affects the production of CBD and, in particular THC.

Conclusions. The closeness of the linear relationships between minor cannabinoids and common components allows selecting valuable hemp samples with a high content of one or several compounds under the absence or low content of psychotropic THC.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Myhal, M. D., Kmets, I. L., & Laiko, I. M. (2017). Trykhomy i kanabinoidy konopel. Do teorii selektsii nenarkotychnykh sortiv [Hemp trichomes and cannabinoids. To the theory of breeding of non-narcotic varieties]. Sumy: FOP Shcherbyna I. V. [in Ukrainian]

Rodziewicz, P., Loroch, S., Marczak, Ł., Kayser, O., & Sickmann, A. (2019). Cannabinoid synthases and osmoprotective metabolites accumulate in the exudates of Cannabis sativa L. glandular trichomes. Plant Sci., 284, 108–116. doi: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2019.04.008

Livingston, S. J., Quilichini, T. D., Booth, J. H., Wong, D. C. J., Rensing, K. H., Laflamme-Yonkman, J., … Samuels, A. L. (2020). Cannabis glandular trichomes alter morphology and metabolite content during flower maturation. Plant J., 101(1), 37–56. doi: 10.1111/tpj.14516

Happyana, N., Agnolet, S., Muntendam, R., van Dam, A., Schneider, B., & Kayser, O. (2013). Analysis of cannabinoids in laser-microdissected trichomes of medicinal Cannabis sativa using LCMS and cryogenic NMR. Phytochemistry, 87, 51–59. doi: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2012.11.001

Nguyen, G.-N., & Kayser, O. (2020). Biosynthesis and chemical modifications of minor cannabinoids. In eLS (рр. 1–9). Chichester: John Wiley & Sons. doi: 10.1002/9780470015902.a0028875

Thomas, F. J., & Kayser, O. (2019). Minor cannabinoids of Cannabis sativa L. JMS, 88(3), 141–149. doi: 10.20883/jms.367

Zagzoog, A., Mohamed, K. A., Kim, H. J., Kim, E. D., Frank, T. B., Jadhav, P. D., Holbrook, L. A., & Laprairie, R. B. (2020). In vitro and in vivo pharmacological activity of minor cannabinoids isolated from Cannabis sativa. Sci. Rep., 10, 20405. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-77175-y

Clarke, H., Roychoudhury, P., & Narouze, S. N. (2020). Other phytocannabinoids. In S. N. Narouze (Ed.), Cannabinoids and Pain (pp. 87–92). Cham: Springer. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-69186-8_12

Zirpel, B., Kayser, O., & Stehle, F. (2018). Elucidation of structure-function relationship of THCA and CBDA synthase from Cannabis sativa L. J. Biotechnol., 284, 17–26. doi: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2018.07.031

Taura, F., Tanaya, R., & Sirikantaramas, S. (2019). Recent advances in cannabinoid biochemistry and biotechnology. ScienceAsia, 45(5), 399–407. doi: 10.2306/scienceasia1513-1874.2019.45.399

Garfinkel, A. R., Otten, M., & Crawford, S. (2021). SNP in potentially defunct tetrahydrocannabinolic acid synthase is a marker for cannabigerolic acid dominance in Cannabis sativa L. Genes, 12(2), 228. doi: 10.3390/genes12020228

Hanuš, L. O., Meyer, S. M., Muñoz, E., Taglialatela-Scafati, O., & Appendino, G. (2016). Phytocannabinoids: a unified critical inventory. Nat. Prod. Rep., 33(12), 1357–1392. doi: 10.1039/C6NP00074F

Kyrychenko, H. I., Laiko, I. M., & Mishchenko, S. V. (2019). Analysis of Cannabis sativa L. collection accessions for cannabinoid contens and chemotype. Genetičnì resursi roslin [Plant Genetic Resources], 25, 115–128. doi: 10.36814/pgr.2019.25.09 [in Ukrainian]

Mishchenko, S., Mokher, J., Laiko, I., Burbulis, N., Kyrychenko, H., & Dudukova, S. (2017). Phenological growth stages of hemp (Cannabis sativa L.): codification and description according to the BBCH scale. Žemės ūkio mokslai, 24(2), 31–36. doi: 10.6001/zemesukiomokslai.v24i2.3496

Dospekhov, B. A. (1985). Metodika polevogo opyta (s osnovami statisticheskoy obrabotki rezul’tatov issledovaniy) [Methods of field experiment (with the basics of statistical processing of research results)] (5th ed., rev. and enl.). Moscow: Agropromizdat. [in Russian]

Pollastroa, F., Caprioglioa, D., Pretea, D. D., Rogatia, F., Minassia, A., Taglialatela-Scafatib, O., Munozc, E., & Appendinoa, G. (2018). Cannabichromene. Nat. Prod. Commun., 13(9), 1189–1194. doi: 10.1177/1934578X1801300922

Fulvio, F., Paris, R., Montanari, M., Citti, C., Cilento, V., Bassolino, L., … Mandolino, G. (2021). Analysis of sequence variability and transcriptional profile of cannabinoid synthase genes in Cannabis sativa L. chemotypes with a focus on cannabichromenic acid synthase. Plants, 10(9), 1857. doi: 10.3390/plants10091857

Tuner, S. E., Williams, C. M., Iversen, L., & Whalley, B. J. (2017). Molecular pharmacology of phytocannabinoids. In A. Kinghorn, H. Falk, S. Gibbons, J. Kobayashi (Eds.), Phytocannabinoids. Progress in the Chemistry of Organic Natural Products (Vol. 103, pp. 62–101). Cham: Springer. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-45541-9_3