Вплив ґрунтово-кліматичних умов на прояв господарсько-цінних ознак у різних сортів Helianthus annuus L.

I. V. Smulska; O. V. Topchii; S. M. Mykhailyk; T. M. Khomenko; N. P. Shcherbynina; O. A. Skubii

doi:10.21498/2518-1017.19.2.2023.282553

Authors

I. V. Smulska Ukrainian Institute for Plant Variety Examination, Ukraine https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9675-0620
O. V. Topchii Ukrainian Institute for Plant Variety Examination, Ukraine https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2797-2566
S. M. Mykhailyk Ukrainian Institute for Plant Variety Examination, Ukraine https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9981-0545
T. M. Khomenko Ukrainian Institute for Plant Variety Examination, Ukraine https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9199-6664
N. P. Shcherbynina Ukrainian Institute for Plant Variety Examination, Ukraine https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1599-061X
O. A. Skubii Ukrainian Institute for Plant Variety Examination, Ukraine https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8414-9894

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21498/2518-1017.19.2.2023.282553

Keywords:

the common sunflower, varieties, yield, oil content, protein content, expertise

Abstract

Purpose. To carry out a comprehensive study and evaluation of new varieties of the common sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) according to the main economically valuable traits, in particular yield, disease resistance, oil and protein content.

Methods. The following methods were used: field, laboratory, comparison and mathematical statistics. The qualification examination of sunflower varieties on suitability for distribution in Ukraine (SVD) was carried out in the Steppe and Forest-Steppe soil-climatic zones. In the research process, the “Methodology for the qualification examination of plant varieties on suitability for distribution in Ukraine (general part)” and the “Methodology for the examination of technical and fodder plant varieties on suitability for distribution in Ukraine” were used.

Results. The varietal potential of the common sunflower in terms of yield, protein and oil content and hulliness was analysed. At the same time, economically valuable traits of new varieties (‘MAS 804G’, ‘LG58390’, ‘LG50550 CLP’, ‘SY THEOS’, ‘LG50549 SX’, ‘LG58630’, ‘P64LL164’, ‘P64LL455’), included in the State Register of Plant Varieties Suitable for Distribution in Ukraine, were evaluated. In all years of testing, the yield in the Forest-Steppe zone was higher than in the Steppe (‘MAS 804G’ – by 49%, ‘LG50550 CLP’ – by 38%, ‘SY THEOS’ – by 28.9%, ‘LG50549 SX’ – by 21.9%, ‘LG58630’ – 19.5%, ‘P64LL455’ – 12.6%, ‘P64LL164’ – 10.3%) and the highest values were characterised for the varieties ‘LG50550 CLP’ (2.58–4.54 t/ha) and ‘MAS 804G’ (2.79–4.26 t/ha). With regard to quality indicators, in particular the oil content in seeds, ‘P64LL164’ and ‘SY THEOS’ were dominant, while the protein content was 17.7–17.5% in ‘LG58630’ and 16.7–17.1% in ‘LG58390’. Conclusions. According to the results of the qualification examination on the suitability of the variety for distribution, the investigated varieties are recommended for cultivation in the Steppe and Forest-Steppe zones. The varieties with the highest oil content in seeds were identified as ‘SY THEOS’ (Steppe – 51.4%, Forest-Steppe – 51.6%) and ‘P64LL164’ (Steppe – 50.9%, Forest-Steppe – 52.1%). The highest protein accumulation was observed in variety ‘LG5863’ (Steppe – 17.7%, Forest-Steppe – 17.5%).

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