Урожайність та якість нових сортів пшениці м’якої озимої (Triticum aestivum L.) у різних ґрунтово-кліматичних умовах

H. A. Dutova; Z. B. Kyienko; N. V. Pavliuk

doi:10.21498/2518-1017.20.4.2024.321923

Authors

H. A. Dutova Ukrainian Institute for Plant Variety Examination, Ukraine https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7987-5840
Z. B. Kyienko Ukrainian Institute for Plant Variety Examination, Ukraine https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7749-0296
N. V. Pavliuk Ukrainian Institute for Plant Variety Examination, Ukraine https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2532-7301

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21498/2518-1017.20.4.2024.321923

Keywords:

Triticum aestivum L., господарсько-цінні показники, урожайність, маса 1000 зерен, вміст білка, вміст сирої клейковини

Abstract

Purpose. To evaluate new varieties of soft winter wheat under different soil and climatic conditions for the main economic and quality indicators, including yield, 1000 grain weight, protein and crude gluten content. Methods. The study of soft winter wheat varieties 'NOVIK', 'HIMARS', 'Papilon', 'Obivan' and 'STK21G' was conducted during two seasons (2021/22-2022/23) on the experimental fields of 16 structural units of the Ukrainian Institute for Plant Variety Examination located in the soil and climatic zones of Steppe, Forest-Steppe and Polissia. The trials were established and harvested in accordance with the methods of qualification testing of plant varieties. Research methods: field, laboratory, biochemical, descriptive and statistical, comparison and generalisation. Results. In all years of the study, the yield of the investigated varieties was higher in the Forest-Steppe zone than in the Steppe and Polissia. The average yield in 2021/22–2022/23 was 8.03–9.14 t/ha in Forest-Steppe, 7.9–8.63 t/ha in Polissia and 7.17–8.05 t/ha in Steppe. The highest yields were achieved by the varieties 'HIMARS' (8.71 t/ha) and 'Obivan' (9.14 t/ha). In terms of quality indicators, 'NOVIK' (14.2%), 'Papilon' (14.0%) and 'HIMARS' (14.0%) led in protein content; 'NOVIK' and 'Papilon' had the highest gluten mass fractions (25.0–29.2 and 24.6–29.1%, respectively). Evaluating the influence of growing zone conditions, it was found that in Polissya the protein content in grain varied from 12.1 to 13.5%, in Forest-Steppe – from 13.0 to 13.5%, in Steppe – from 13.1 to 14.2%. The mass fraction of crude gluten in the Polissia zone was 22.9–27.6%, in the Forest-Steppe zone – 25.3–28.6% and in the Steppe zone – 26.6–29.2%. Conclusions. Soil and climatic conditions influence the productivity and quality of common soft winter wheat. In particular, the maximum yield was observed in the Forest-Steppe zone. At the same time, rather low levels of protein and gluten in the grain were recorded in Polissia. Thus, the results confirm the feasibility of growing the investigated varieties in the Forest-Steppe and Polissia zones of Ukraine.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Barabolia, O. V., Tatarko, Yu. V., & Antonovskyi, O. V. (2020). The influence of variety features of winter wheat grain on the quality of bakery properties. Bulletin of the Poltava State Agrarian Academy, 4, 21–27. doi: 10.31210/visnyk2020.04.02 [In Ukrainian]

Kyrylchuk, A. M., Dutova, H. A., Hryniv, S. M., Orlenko, O. B., Bezprozvana, I. V., Kulyk, T. Ye., & Makarchuk, B. M. (2024). Yield plasticity of new varieties of soft winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in different soil and climatic conditions of Ukraine. Plant Varieties Studying and Protection, 20(1), 58–68. doi: 10.21498/2518-1017.20.1.2024.297224 [In Ukrainian]

Prysiazhniuk, L. M., Khomenko, T. M., Liashenko, S. O., & Melnyk, S. I. (2022). The growing factors impact the productivity of new soft winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties. Plant Varieties Studying and Protection, 18(4), 273–282. doi: 10.21498/2518-1017.18.4.2022.273989 [In Ukrainian]

Orekhivskyi, V. D., Kryvenko, A. I., & Pochkolina, S. V. (2021). Quality of winter wheat grain with different systems of main tillage in crop rotations of the Southern Steppe of Ukraine. Scientific Reports of the National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, 17(6), 121–134. doi: 10.31548/dopovidi2021.06.010 [In Ukrainian]

Silifonov, T. V., Нospodarenko, H. M., Liubych, V. V., Polianetska, I. O., & Novikov, V. V. (2021). Yield and grain quality of maturing stages of soft winter wheat with different fertilizer systems in crop rotation. Agrobiology, 2, 146–156. doi: 10.33245/2310-9270-2021-167-2-146-156 [In Ukrainian]

Zhemela, G. P., & Shakalii, S. M. (2012). The predecessors influence on crop productivity and grain’s quality of soft winter wheat. Bulletin of Poltava State Agrarian Academy, 3, 20–22. doi: 10.31210/visnyk2012.03.03 [In Ukrainian]

CISS Group. Wheat inspection. Retrieved from https://ciss-group.com/ua/poslugi/syurvej-ukr/syurvej-po-galuzyam/agrarna-promislov%D1%96st/%D1%96nspekcz%D1%96ya-zernovix-kultur/429-%D1%96nspekcz%D1%96ya-pshenicz%D1%96.html [In Ukrainian]

Ministry of Agrarian Policy and Food of Ukraine. (2024). State register of plant varieties suitable for distribution in Ukraine in 2024 (the register is valid as of May 01, 2024). Kyiv. Retrieved from https://minagro.gov.ua/file-storage/reyestr-sortiv-roslin [In Ukrainian]

Zaiets, S. O., Muzyka, V. Ye., Nyzheholenko, V. M., & Rudik, O. L. (2021). Evaluation of adaptability and stability of soft winter wheat varieties under different conditions of moisture supply in the South of Ukraine. Irrigated Agriculture, 76, 17–21. doi: 10.32848/0135-2369.2021.76.3 [In Ukrainian]

Topchii, O. V., Prysiazhniuk, L. M., Ivanytska, A. P., Shcherbynina, N. P., & Kyienko, Z. B. (2020). The influence of growing factors on the productivity indicators of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill]. Plant Varieties Studying and Protection, 16(1), 78–89. doi: 10.21498/2518-1017.16.1.2020.201269 [In Ukrainian]

Ngoune Liliane, T., & Shelton Charles, M. (2020). Factors Affecting Yield of Crops. In Amanullah (Ed.), Agronomy – climate Change & Food Security (pp. 9–24). IntechOpen. doi: 10.5772/intechopen.90672

Sobko, M. G., Glupak, Z. I., Kryuchko, L. V., & Butenko, A. O. (2022). Formation of grain yield and quality of modern winter wheat varieties of different geographical origin. Agrarian Innovations, 12, 60–69. doi: 10.32848/agrar.innov.2022.12.10 [In Ukrainian]

Nadew, B. B. (2018). Effects of climatic and agronomic factors on yield and quality of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seed: a review on selected factors. Advances in Crop Science and Technology, 6(2), Article 356. doi: 10.4172/2329-8863.1000356

Angus, J. F., Kirkegaard, J. A., Hunt, J. R., Ryan, M. H., Ohlander, L., & Peoples, M. B. (2015). Break crops and rotations for wheat. Crop and Pasture Science, 66(6), 523–552. doi: 10.1071/CP14252

Morgounov, A., Abugalieva, A., & Martynov, S. (2014). Effect of climate change and variety on long-term variation of grain yield and quality in winter wheat in Kazakhstan. Cereal Research Communications, 42(1), 163–172. doi: 10.1556/CRC.2013.0047

International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV). (2011). Possible use of molecular markers in the examination of distinctness, uniformity and stability (DUS). October 20. Geneva. Retrieved from https://www.upov.int/edocs/infdocs/en/upov_inf_18_1.pdf

Burdeniuk-Tarasevych, L. A., & Lozynskyi, M. V. (2013). Formation of the length of the main ear in the line of winter wheat of different ecological and geographical origin. Agrobiology, 11, 30–33. [In Ukrainian]

Baloch, M. S., Nadim, M. A., Zubair, M., Awan, I. U., Khan, E. A., & Ali, S. (2012). Evaluation of wheat under normal and late sowing condition. Pakistan Journal of Botany, 44(5), 1727–1732.

Tkachyk, S. O. (Ed.). (2016). Methods of conducting qualification tests of plant varieties for suitability for distribution in Ukraine. General part (4rd ed., rev. and enl.). Vinnytsia: FOP Korzun D. Yu. [In Ukrainian]

Tkachyk, S. O. (Ed.). (2016). Methodology for examination of plant varieties of the cereal, cereal and leguminous groups for suitability for distribution in Ukraine. Vinnytsia: FOP Korzun D. Yu. [In Ukrainian]

Tkachyk, S. O. (Ed.). (2016). Methods of conducting qualification examina-tion of plant varieties for suitability for distribution in Ukraine. Methods of determining plant production quality indicators. Vinnytsia: FOP Korzun D. Yu. [In Ukrainian]

Leschuk, N. V., Mazhuha, K. M., Orlenko, N. S., Starychenko, Ye. M., & Shkapenko, Ye. A. (2017). Comparative analysis of statistical software products for the qualifying examination of plant varieties suitable for dissemination. Plant Varieties Studying and Protection, 13(4), 429–435. doi: 10.21498/2518-1017.13.4.2017.117757 [In Ukrainian]

Classifier of quality indicators of botanical taxa, the varieties of which undergo examination for suitability for distribution. (2019). Vinnytsia: FOP Korzun D. Yu. [In Ukrainian]